/*****************************************************************************
关于播放效果
1.由于输出的是方波,比较难听:-)
只能说是非常难听:-)为什么呢?只因为输出的是方波,包含了大量的奇次谐波。
你可以用双龙的"虚拟仪器"分别产生正弦波、三角波和方波听一下,正弦波感觉就比
较纯正,
而方波则要多难听有多难听!
解决方案:
1.用3、4个IO及R-2R电阻网络作3、4BitDAC
2.用PWM输出
3.用专用音乐旋律发生芯片
4.用硬波表的声卡或MIDI芯片
各方案比较:
1.制作简单,占用IO、定时器资源较少,成本低,可行性好
2.制作简单,但PWM频率不能作高,行不通
3.4.可作出很好听的效果,但成本较高
关于:如果单片机进作此工作还可以,加入其他的程序肯定不行
2.由于依靠T1的频繁中断产生相应频率的输出,
因此任何其他同级或更高级别的中断发生都会使T1不能进入中断,
使乐曲打顿,这样就必须使其他中断占用的时间尽量短才会感觉不出来
关于:功能齐全
底层的东西作出来后,而且是用C编程,要功能齐全是件相当容易的事
关于:音符编码
优化的音符编码是这个程序最大的优点(相对于所有见过的类似功能程序)
3.优化音符编码:一个字节中包含节拍、音符、升降调,可区分数据和命令,
对于一般的乐曲调用功能码的时候相当少,基本可做到一个音符对应一个字
节,
这点对于小存储量的单片机来说是必要的。
同时人工将音符译为机器码非常容易。(格式看下面实例)
//音符码格式:| D7 |D6 D5 D4| D3 |D2 D1 D0|
|变调| 节拍|升降| 音符 |
// 示例:0xcb=11001011B,即升调,4/16拍,3Mi低音
//功能码格式:| D7 D6 D5 D4 | D3 D2 D1 D0|
// |高4位=0时是功能码|根据低4位散转 |
0x00, //最后字节为功能码必须==0x00退出
****************************************************************************/ //--------------------------------------------------------------------------// // 源程序大公开 // // (c) Copyright 2001-2002 xuwenjun // // All Rights Reserved // // V1.00 // //--------------------------------------------------------------------------// //标题: 单片机IO口播放乐曲 // //版本: V1.00 // //文件名: xwj_lcd16.C // //创建人: 徐文军 E-mail:xuwenjun@21cn.com // //日期: 02-11-5 // //描述: 单片机利用T1中断在IO口P1.0输出乐曲 // //声明: // // 以下代码仅免费提供给学习用途,但引用或修改后必须在文件中声明出处. // // 如用于商业用途请与作者联系. E-mail:xuwenjun@21cn.com // // 有问题请mailto xuwenjun@21cn.com 欢迎与我交流! // //--------------------------------------------------------------------------// //修改人: 徐文军 E-mail:xuwenjun@21cn.com // //日期: 02-11-5 // //说明: // // 单片机用T1中断在IO口P1.0输出乐曲(在P1.0口与VCC间接一喇叭即可听到) // // 1.由于输出的是方波,比较难听:-)你也可以将波形细分用DA输出正弦波 // // 2.由于T1频繁中断,任何其他中断发生都会是乐曲打顿,只适合试验 // // 3.优化音符编码:一个字节中包含节拍、音符、升降调,可区分数据和命令// // 同时人工将音符译为机器码非常容易。(格式看下面实例)// //--------------------------------------------------------------------------// #i nclude <reg52.h> #i nclude <intrins.h> #define FREQ 11059200 // 音乐_编码2 -- 存储器定义 // unsigned char code music_tab1[]={ //音符码格式:| D7 |D6 D5 D4| D3 |D2 D1 D0| //梁祝 |变调| 节拍|升降| 音 符 | 0xcb, //示例:0xcb=11001011B,即升调,4/16拍,3Mi低 音 0x35,0x16,0xb9,0x12,0x96,0x99,0xa5, 0xbd,0x99,0x96,0x15,0x13,0x15,0x62, 0x32,0x13,0xa7,0x26,0x25,0x16,0xa9,0x22, 0xa3,0xa9,0x96,0x15,0x16,0x99,0xe5, 0xbb,0x15,0xa7,0xaa,0x96,0x99,0xd5, 0x13,0x15,0x23,0x15,0x16,0x17,0x9a,0xd6,0x15,0x16, 0xb9,0x12,0x25,0x23,0x23,0x22,0x13,0x12,0x21,0x96,0x15, 0x43,0xc9,0x96,0x99,0x96,0x15,0x13,0x15,0x16,0x99, 0xd5, //功能码格式:| D7 D6 D5 D4 | D3 D2 D1 D0| // |高4位=0时是功能码|根据低4位 散转 | 0x00, //最后字节为功能码必须==0x00退出 }; unsigned char code music_tab2[]={ //康定情歌 0x23,0x25,0x26,0x16,0x15, 0x36,0x13,0x42, 0x23,0x25,0x26,0x16,0x15, 0x26,0x53, 0x23,0x25,0x26,0x16,0x15, 0x26,0x23,0x42, 0x25,0x23,0x12,0x13,0x12,0x11, 0x22,0xd6, 0x26,0xda, 0x25,0x53, 0x12,0x11,0xd6, 0xad,0x23,0x12,0x13,0x12,0x11, 0x22,0xd6, 0x00, }; unsigned char code music_tab3[]={ //美酒加咖啡 0x55,0x23,0x25,0x26,0xa9,0x22, 0x73, 0x45,0x25,0x26,0x23,0x22,0x21,0x23, 0x72, 0x52,0x23,0x45,0x43, 0x22,0x21,0xa6,0x25,0x66, 0xc9,0xa6,0x25,0x23,0x25,0x26,0xa9, 0xf5, 0x45,0x23,0x25,0x46,0xc9, 0x22,0x13,0x12,0x21,0x22,0x63, 0x22,0x23,0x25,0x26,0x25,0x23,0x22,0x21, 0x72, 0x52,0x23,0x45,0x43, 0x22,0x21,0xa6,0x25,0x66, 0xb9,0x12,0x23,0x25,0x22,0xa5,0xab,0x22, 0x71, 0x00, }; unsigned char code music_tab4[]={ //北国之春 0x15,0x16,0x75, 0x15,0x16,0x55,0x13,0x15,0x16,0x15,0x16,0x99,0x12,0x13, 0x65,0x45,0x13,0x12,0x11,0x12, 0x73, 0x62,0x42,0x12,0x11,0x96,0x15, 0x76, 0x55,0x23,0x45,0xa9,0x22, 0x53,0x12,0x13,0x65, 0x52,0x22,0x42,0x21,0xa6, 0xe9,0x91,0x12,0x13,0x12,0x13,0x15,0x99,0x12, //以上为过门 0x20,0x23,0x23,0x23,0x63, 0x22,0x23,0x23,0x22,0x41,0xa6,0x25, 0x53,0x22,0x21,0xa9,0x21,0xa6, 0x75, 0x26,0xa9,0x21,0xa6,0xc9,0x12,0x11,0x96,0x15, 0x23,0x25,0x25,0x26,0x45,0x21,0x22, 0x13,0x35,0x25,0xa9,0xa6,0x25,0x23,0x22, 0x71, 0x52,0x25,0x45,0x13,0x15,0x13,0x12, 0x21,0x41,0x22,0x43,0x45, 0x23,0x25,0x26,0xa9,0x42,0x12,0x33, 0x72, 0x51,0x22,0x43,0x22,0x21, 0xc6,0xc9,0x29,0xc6,0x45,0x23,0x23, 0x53,0x25,0x26,0x25,0x13,0x12,0x21, 0x62,0x42,0x23,0x25, 0x55,0x26,0x25,0x23,0x45, 0x26,0xa9,0x21,0x22,0x63, 0x52,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x12,0x21,0xa6,0xf9, 0x00, }; unsigned char code music_l_tab[8]={0,1,2,3,4,6,8,16};//节拍延时单位 unsigned char code music_freq_tab[64]={ //音符定时器值表 0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 255-FREQ/24/131/256, //256-FREQ/24/x/256 //1 do 高字节 256-FREQ/24/131%256, //256-FREQ/24/x%256 //1 do 低字节 255-FREQ/24/147/256,256-FREQ/24/147%256, //2 re 255-FREQ/24/165/256,256-FREQ/24/165%256, //3 mi 255-FREQ/24/175/256,256-FREQ/24/175%256, //4 fa 255-FREQ/24/196/256,256-FREQ/24/196%256, //5 suo 255-FREQ/24/221/256,256-FREQ/24/221%256, //6 la 255-FREQ/24/248/256,256-FREQ/24/248%256, //7 xi 0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 255-FREQ/24/262/256,256-FREQ/24/262%256, //1 do 255-FREQ/24/294/256,256-FREQ/24/294%256, //2 re 255-FREQ/24/330/256,256-FREQ/24/330%256, //3 mi 255-FREQ/24/350/256,256-FREQ/24/350%256, //4 fa 255-FREQ/24/393/256,256-FREQ/24/393%256, //5 suo 255-FREQ/24/441/256,256-FREQ/24/441%256, //6 la 255-FREQ/24/495/256,256-FREQ/24/495%256, //7 xi 0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 255-FREQ/24/525/256,256-FREQ/24/525%256, //1 do 255-FREQ/24/589/256,256-FREQ/24/589%256, //2 re 255-FREQ/24/661/256,256-FREQ/24/661%256, //3 mi 255-FREQ/24/700/256,256-FREQ/24/700%256, //4 fa 255-FREQ/24/786/256,256-FREQ/24/786%256, //5 suo 255-FREQ/24/882/256,256-FREQ/24/882%256, //6 la 255-FREQ/24/990/256,256-FREQ/24/990%256, //7 xi 0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 255-FREQ/24/1049/256,256-FREQ/24/1049%256, //1 do 255-FREQ/24/1178/256,256-FREQ/24/1178%256, //2 re 255-FREQ/24/1322/256,256-FREQ/24/1322%256, //3 mi 255-FREQ/24/1400/256,256-FREQ/24/1400%256, //4 fa 255-FREQ/24/1572/256,256-FREQ/24/1572%256, //5 suo 255-FREQ/24/1665/256,256-FREQ/24/1665%256, //6 la 255-FREQ/24/1869/256,256-FREQ/24/1869%256, //7 xi }; unsigned char code music_frequp_tab[64]={ //升半音 0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 255-FREQ/24/139/256, //1 do 高字节 //255-FREQ/24/x/256 256-FREQ/24/139%256, //1 do 低字节 //256-FREQ/24/x%256 255-FREQ/24/156/256,256-FREQ/24/156%256, //2 re 255-FREQ/24/175/256,256-FREQ/24/175%256, //3 mi 255-FREQ/24/185/256,256-FREQ/24/185%256, //4 fa 255-FREQ/24/208/256,256-FREQ/24/208%256, //5 suo 255-FREQ/24/234/256,256-FREQ/24/234%256, //6 la 255-FREQ/24/262/256,256-FREQ/24/262%256, //7 xi 0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 255-FREQ/24/278/256,256-FREQ/24/278%256, //1 do 255-FREQ/24/312/256,256-FREQ/24/312%256, //2 re 255-FREQ/24/350/256,256-FREQ/24/350%256, //3 mi 255-FREQ/24/371/256,256-FREQ/24/371%256, //4 fa 255-FREQ/24/416/256,256-FREQ/24/416%256, //5 suo 255-FREQ/24/467/256,256-FREQ/24/467%256, //6 la 255-FREQ/24/525/256,256-FREQ/24/525%256, //7 xi 0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 255-FREQ/24/556/256,256-FREQ/24/556%256, //1 do 255-FREQ/24/624/256,256-FREQ/24/624%256, //2 re 255-FREQ/24/700/256,256-FREQ/24/700%256, //3 mi 255-FREQ/24/742/256,256-FREQ/24/742%256, //4 fa 255-FREQ/24/833/256,256-FREQ/24/833%256, //5 suo 255-FREQ/24/935/256,256-FREQ/24/935%256, //6 la 255-FREQ/24/1049/256,256-FREQ/24/1049%256, //7 xi 0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 255-FREQ/24/1112/256,256-FREQ/24/1112%256, //1 do 255-FREQ/24/1248/256,256-FREQ/24/1248%256, //2 re 255-FREQ/24/1400/256,256-FREQ/24/1400%256, //3 mi 255-FREQ/24/1484/256,256-FREQ/24/1484%256, //4 fa 255-FREQ/24/1618/256,256-FREQ/24/1618%256, //5 suo 255-FREQ/24/1764/256,256-FREQ/24/1764%256, //6 la 255-FREQ/24/1968/256,256-FREQ/24/1968%256, //7 xi }; unsigned char temp_TH1; unsigned char temp_TL1; // 音乐_编码2 -- IO定义 // sbit PIN_MSC=P1^0; // 音乐输出端口 // // 音乐_编码2 -- 函数原型// void music_delay(unsigned char x); //音乐节拍延时 void music_play(unsigned char *msc); //播放音乐子程序 // 音乐_编码2 -- 函数 // //---------------------------------------------------------------------------// void music_int_t1 (void) interrupt 3 using 1 //定时中断1// { PIN_MSC=~PIN_MSC; TH1=temp_TH1; TL1=temp_TL1; } //---------------------------------------------------------------------------// void music_delay(unsigned char n) //延时 125*n 毫秒 { unsigned char i=125,j; do { do { for (j=0; j<230; j++) _nop_(); //j=(11159KHz/12-10)/4 }while(--i); }while(--n); } //---------------------------------------------------------------------------// void music_play(unsigned char *msc) //音乐 { unsigned char music_freq=32; //音高 unsigned char music_long; //节拍 unsigned char music_data=0; //音符数据 bit music_up=0; //升半音 bit music_break=0; //断奏 temp_TH1=0xff; temp_TL1=0xea; //关输出(输出超声波) TMOD=0x11; //T0:16位定时器、T1:16位定时器 // ET0=0; //关T0定时器中断 ET1=1; //开T1定时器中断 //--------------------------------------------------------- while (*msc != 0x00) { music_data=*msc & 0x07; music_long=*msc>>4; //--------------------------------------------------------- if (music_long != 0) //是音符 { if (*msc >=128) //需升降调 { if (((*msc) & 0x08) == 0) {if (music_freq >= 16) music_freq -= 16;} //音高下降 else {if (music_freq < 48) music_freq += 16;} //音高上升 } //--------------------------------------------------------- if (music_up==1) //升半音 { temp_TH1=music_frequp_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1))]; temp_TL1=music_frequp_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1)+1)]; } else //不升半音 { temp_TH1=music_freq_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1))]; temp_TL1=music_freq_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1)+ 1)]; } //--------------------------------------------------------- if (music_break) //断奏 { music_delay(music_l_tab[music_long&0x07]-1); temp_TH1=0xff; temp_TL1=0xea; music_delay(1); } else //连奏 music_delay(music_l_tab[music_long&0x07]); } //--------------------------------------------------------- else //是功能码 { switch(music_data) { case 0x04: music_up=0; //不升半音 break; case 0x05: music_up=1; //升半音 break; case 0x06: music_break=0; //断奏 break; case 0x07: music_break=1; //连奏 break; default: break; } } //--------------------------------------------------------- msc++; } ET1=0; //播放结束,关T1中断 PIN_MSC=1; //关输出 // temp_TH1=0xff; // temp_TL1=0xea; //关输出(输出超声波) // ET0=1; //开T0定时器中断 // TMOD=0x51; //T0:16位定时器、T1:16位计数器 } //---------------------------------------------------------------------------// void main(void) //示例 { // 设置定时器-------------------------------------- TMOD = 0x11; // TMOD: 定时器1:模式1:16位;定时器2:模式1:16 位 // // TCON = 0x50; // TCON: 定时器 1运行; 定时器 2运 行 // // 设置并开启中断: IP = 0x08; //中断优先寄存器IP:|D7_x |x|x |PS|PT1|PX1|PT0|D0_PX0|// IE = 0x88; //中断允许寄存器 IE:|D7_EA|x|ET2|ES|ET1|EX1|ET0|D0_EX0|// for (;;) { //在此调用键盘和显示函数// music_play(music_tab1); music_play(music_tab2); music_play(music_tab3); music_play(music_tab4); } } //---------------------------------------------------------------------------//