写的很粗糙但非常实用
void shibie(IplImage *pSrcImage,IplImage* img_d,Surface* m)
{
//通过一个IplImag对象识别一个魔方面的状态img_d是通过去背景处理后的图
        IplImage *g_pGrayImage = NULL;  
        CvSeq *g_pcvSeq = NULL; 
//////////////////////////////
        //增强关键颜色
        CvScalar s;
    for(int i=0;i<pSrcImage->height;i++){
        for(int j=0;j<pSrcImage->width;j++){
        s=cvGet2D(pSrcImage,i,j);
        
                if(s.val[2]>230&&s.val[1]>110&&s.val[1]<170&&s.val[0]<100&&s.val[0]>30)
                {
                //增强橙色
        s.val[0]=50;
        s.val[1]=140;
        s.val[2]=250;
        cvSet2D(pSrcImage,i,j,s);
                }else if(s.val[2]<25&&s.val[1]>140&&s.val[1]<200&&s.val[0]<120&&s.val[0]>50)
                                {
                //增强绿色
        s.val[0]=90;
        s.val[1]=170;
        s.val[2]=0;
        cvSet2D(pSrcImage,i,j,s);
                }else if(s.val[2]>0&&s.val[2]<29&&s.val[1]>36&&s.val[1]<70&&s.val[0]<220&&s.val[0]>170)
                                {
                //增强蓝色
        s.val[0]=190;
        s.val[1]=50;
        s.val[2]=10;
        cvSet2D(pSrcImage,i,j,s);
                }else if(s.val[2]>220&&s.val[2]<250&&s.val[1]>170&&s.val[1]<210&&s.val[0]<20)
                                {
                //增强黄色
        s.val[0]=10;
        s.val[1]=190;
        s.val[2]=220;
        cvSet2D(pSrcImage,i,j,s);
                }
        }
    }
        // 显示颜色增强后原图   
    //cvNamedWindow("颜色增强后原图", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);  
    //cvShowImage("颜色增强后原图", pSrcImage); 
    //////////////////////////////
    //去除背景
    for(i=0;i<pSrcImage->height;i++)
        {
        for(int j=0;j<pSrcImage->width;j++)
                {
        s=cvGet2D(pSrcImage,i,j);
        if(!((s.val[0]==50&&s.val[1]==140&&s.val[2]==250)||(s.val[0]==90&&s.val[1]==170&&s.val[2]==0)||(s.val[0]==190&&s.val[1]==50&&s.val[2]==10)||(s.val[0]==10&&s.val[1]==190&&s.val[2]==220)))
                {
                s.val[0]=0;
        s.val[1]=0;
        s.val[2]=0;
        cvSet2D(pSrcImage,i,j,s);
                }
                }
        }
        // 转为灰度图   
    g_pGrayImage =  cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(pSrcImage), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);  
    cvCvtColor(pSrcImage, g_pGrayImage, CV_BGR2GRAY);  
        // 转为二值图   
    IplImage *pBinaryImage = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(g_pGrayImage), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);  
    cvThreshold(g_pGrayImage, pBinaryImage, 0, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY);   
    CvMemStorage* cvMStorage = cvCreateMemStorage();  
    // 检索轮廓并返回检测到的轮廓的个数   
    cvFindContours(pBinaryImage,cvMStorage, &g_pcvSeq,sizeof(CvContour),CV_RETR_EXTERNAL);  
    IplImage *pOutlineImage = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(g_pGrayImage), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 3);  
    int _levels = 1;  
    cvZero(pOutlineImage);  
    cvDrawContours(pOutlineImage, g_pcvSeq, CV_RGB(255,0,0), CV_RGB(0,255,0), _levels);  
    cvShowImage("pstrWindowsOutLineTitle", pOutlineImage);  
    ////////////////////
    //在原图上绘制轮廓
        //IplImage *pSrcImage = cvLoadImage("c:\\123.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED); 
    cvDrawContours(pSrcImage, g_pcvSeq, CV_RGB(0,255,0), CV_RGB(0,255,0), _levels,3);  
    //////////////////////////////
    //通过轮廓定位并计算魔方块坐标
        int x,y,x1,y1,H,W,D,x2,y2;
        x=y=x1=y1=1;
        int B=1;//跳出标记
        //找左上角
    for(i=0;i<pSrcImage->height&&B==1;i++)
        {
        for(int j=0;j<pSrcImage->width&&B==1;j++)
                {
        s=cvGet2D(pSrcImage,i,j);
        if(s.val[2]==0&&s.val[1]==255&&s.val[0]==0)
                {
                        y=i;
                        B=0;
                }
                }
        }
        B=1;
    for(int j=0;j<pSrcImage->width&&B==1;j++)
                {
                for(int i=0;i<pSrcImage->height&&B==1;i++)
                {
                          s=cvGet2D(pSrcImage,i,j);
        if(s.val[2]==0&&s.val[1]==255&&s.val[0]==0)
                {
                        x=j;
                        B=0;
                }
                }
        }
             //找右下角
        B=1;
    for(i=pSrcImage->height-1;i>=0&&B==1;i--)
        {
        for(int j=pSrcImage->width-1;j>=0&&B==1;j--)
                {
        s=cvGet2D(pSrcImage,i,j);
        if(s.val[2]==0&&s.val[1]==255&&s.val[0]==0)
                {
                        y1=i;
                        B=0;
                }
                }
        }
        B=1;
    for(j=pSrcImage->width-1;j>=0&&B==1;j--)
                {
                for(i=pSrcImage->height-1;i>=0&&B==1;i--)
                {
                          s=cvGet2D(pSrcImage,i,j);
        if(s.val[2]==0&&s.val[1]==255&&s.val[0]==0)
                {
                        x1=j;
                        B=0;
                }
                }
        }
        
           H=y1-y;
                W=x1-x;
        D=(W+H)/6;
        
                for(i=y+(D/2),y2=1;i<y1;i+=D,y2++)
                        for(j=x+(D/2),x2=1;j<x1;j+=D,x2++)
                        {
               s=cvGet2D(pSrcImage,i,j);
               if(s.val[0]==50&&s.val[1]==140&&s.val[2]==250) m->s[y2][x2]=(Colors)5;//橙色
               if(s.val[0]==90&&s.val[1]==170&&s.val[2]==0) m->s[y2][x2]=(Colors)4;//绿色
                          if(s.val[0]==190&&s.val[1]==50&&s.val[2]==10) m->s[y2][x2]=(Colors)2;//蓝色
                          if(s.val[0]==10&&s.val[1]==190&&s.val[2]==220) m->s[y2][x2]=(Colors)6;//黄色
               cvSet2D(pSrcImage,i,j,s);
                        }
   
        
        s.val[0]=0;
        s.val[1]=0;
        s.val[2]=255;
        cvSet2D(pSrcImage,y,x,s);
        cvSet2D(pSrcImage,y1,x1,s);

        for(i=y+(D/2);i<y1;i+=D)
                        for(j=x+(D/2);j<x1;j+=D)
                        {

               cvSet2D(pSrcImage,i,j,s);
                        }
   
    cvNamedWindow("定位矩形区域", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);  
    cvShowImage("定位矩形区域", pSrcImage); 
        /////////////////////

    cvReleaseMemStorage(&cvMStorage);  
    cvReleaseImage(&pBinaryImage);  
    cvReleaseImage(&pOutlineImage);  
}